Extender for paints, etc.



60 Sulphur (S) 1,82

Patented June 17,-1930 PATENT-oFFI-CE HARRY J. s'rIEvArnR, or BUFFALO, NEW YORK EXTENDER FOB PAINTS, ETC.

No Drawing.

This invention relates to improvements in paint, enamels, under coatings, primers, surfacers, lacquers, glazing putties, spot putties, and liquid and paste fillers.

' The primary object of this invention is the provision of an economical extender, namely slag, for use in the manufacture of paints and a wide variety of surfaceapplying and treating liquids and pastes.

In the paint industry it is customary'to use extenders and fillers such as calcite, whiting, Paris White, china clay, catalpo, asbestine,

silex, plaster of Paris, gypsum, talc, magnesium carbonate, soapstone, and various other natural and artificial minerals and compounds. While many of these. are satisfactory for the purpose used, I have found that slag, produced as a residue product from iron and steel manufacture may be successfully used as an extender, so that the same will equally as well or better function than any of the well known extenders, and at a considerably lower cost. I

5 The slag used as an extender may be pro- 2 duced in the blast furnace, open hearth, or

electrical furnace process of iron or steel manufacture. I have used slagswith success in" varlous lead, Z1110, hthopone and titanium oxide paints and enamels, in primers, spot and glazing putties, and paste and liquid fillers, etc. as an extender, and it has been found that the slag works equally as well and even bet ter than ordinary or conventional extenders 5 in paints, which the slag replaces, and with far greater economy.

The slag preferably to be used is producedin the blast furnace process of iron or-steel manufacture, aIfd I have found that a slag 40 produced in this manner which may be used with great success as an extender has the following chemical analysis: P t

er cen Silex. silica, or silicon dioxide (SiO 35.68 Lime or calcium oxide (CaO) 42.57 Alumina (A1 0 r 12.60 Magnesium oxide (MgO) 6.53 Iron oxide (FeO) 444 Manganese oxide (MnO) .84

Application filed J'uly' 12, 1927. Serial No. 205,271.

which renders the same desirable for use as an extender. It is of course old prior to this invention, to use silex and calcium carbonate as extenders, and upon analyzing the slag in the above manner it is apparent why slag makes a'good extender, since it combines the advantages of both conventional extenders and being slightly basic due to excess of lime over silica, the slag is really the ideal extender for primers and surfaces used upon steel or iron surfaces, such as automobile bodies. Its slightly basic reaction neutralizes oil and resin acids found in varnishes and oils, and thus prevents these from reacting with metallic surfaces and thus prevents corrosion and rusting.

The high temperature of the blast furnace of course cause the lime and silica to react to form various lime-silicates, and these limesilicates are very hard and constitute the main reason that primers and surfacers using a slag extender sand so well and hold out suclrlzeeding coats of enamel, varnish, etc. so we 7 The composition of slagsthroughout different parts of the world vary considerably, and it is within the range of this invention to use slag as an extender, including a silica content varying from 28% to 37%, more or less; lime ranging from 32% to 49% more or less; alumina ranging from 8% to 15% more or less, and magnesium oxide ranging from 6% to.20% more or less. These variations in proportion of course depend upon the initial ore used; the temperature of the furnace;

and the amount and kind of flux used, but these variations will not afiect suitability of slag as an extender, since the-slag is mainly composed of lime. and'silica, both in themselves excellent extenders,'-and the percentage ratio between the same while fairly constant does not affect the usefulness of the slag as an extender.

- I consider slag produced from open hearth furnaces suitable for use as an extender, and mo one typical open hearth slag which may so be used contains the following analysis:

CaO 48 sio2 15.58% FeO 11.1

A typical electrical furnace slag suitable for use as an extender may have the following analysis :v

eration contains the following properties, in connection with use as an extender.

Sieve test for use as an extender, and is asfine asmost any extender used, and in some cases much finer.

Oil absorptzon In the comparative absorption tests between slag after pulverization and other conventional extenders, the slag and other extenders with which it is compared'when mixed S102 T 20% with raw linseed oil until a stiff paste of the CaO-tMgO 70% CaG2 to 1% same consistency in each case is formed, Fe 1% found to be as follows .20 The slags produced as a residue from iron Slag Cubic centimeters on 20 g g and steel manufacture are known to be 5,; :73 weather andwear resistant, and therefore are Lithopo'ge n 432 very desirable as used for an extender in con- Zinc Oxide u 4 30 nection with manufacture of paint'fillers and White lead 2:1 25 coatings for the paint industry. Asbestine fluflunununuiu 3 9' The slag is prepared for use as an extender silex n 5 5 by first crushing thesame to the desired fine- Talc 5 ness, preferably so that the same may pass ggg gflg;j 7 thru a 45 to 325+ mesh screen. This is ac- Cat-MP0 ac complished by running the slag thru a ball Metroni}; "7" mill. The pulverization of the slagwill of ifgggg g g course vary according to the type of product Soapstone 7 in which the slag as an extender is to be used. u For exa le, slag for use in a paste filler 001m" 35 need not %g as fine as slag adaptable for use The slag'has a light gray color which is in an enamel. If found desirable the slag to some extent objectionable where a white may be washed and particles of free iron may paint or material is desirable, such as a white be magnetically removed by passlng the pul- Wall paint. Since, however, the great maverized slag, in a distributed state over a suitj ority of paint materials have some color,

40 able electro-magnet, or the iron may be suitthis is not a serious objection. The gray ably removed in any other manner found cast in the extender is caused by traces of practical. For most products, however, it is carbon from the coke used in the blast furto' be understood that the slag may be used nace, but in actual tests I have found that just as it comes from the furnace and after white paint produced with slag as an ex- 45 pulverization, without removal of constit'utender compares well with conventional white cuts. The removal of the free iron is desirpaint, in color, and the difference in color able when the slag is used as an extender or is only detected after a minute examination. filler where the ap lied coatin of the product B Us must be sanded. anding oft eproduct con- O u my 50 taining the slag as an extender will generally 51% 111 p to other c9nventlolal pull out the iron particles, and leave small extfm ers 15 0559155801 of thefipeclfic fiy, holes in the surface. The iron in going thru We1ght p uumig shown In the followmg the rolls of the mill will flatten out,.generalcomparatlve table 55 ly in the form of a t in uneven sheet on the weightper rolls, and this may be suitably removed by Material Eggg; 835 8; 3112;? electro-magnets. From this discussion of the I gallon) Wm removal of the free iron the impression is not 4 l to be gained that an inferior grade of paint gfijig,

607 is made up if the iron is not removed.' The githppone:IIIIIIIII: 4 :30 s51 82 I02 contrary is true, as I have produced some very awe 61 it it 13%? fine paints usingthe slag just as it comes from s 31 331 312 the mill after pulverization or grinding. Keystone finer 5; 33:; fiz

, Slag which I have used as an extender, profi g q- 32 32-23 41428 65 duced as the residue from blast furnace op- 8 mm 9 '0408 While I do .a wish to be limited to the use of the slag extender in any specific relation of other ingredients and proportions,

yet herewith it is thought desirable to list a number of formulas in which I have used slag asan extender, and give the comparative results with formulas similar in all respects, /but uslng a different extender than slag.

. In the provision of a baking under coating I have provided a composition of the following ingredients and proportions Lithopone 1800 lbs.

Slag

1 500 lbs. 4 lbs. per gal. China wood oil-ester gum varnish": 120 gal. Mineral spirits -1 58' gal. Bodied linseed oil gal.

In an under coating made from the above formula using slag, and an identically similar formula except that the slag is replaced by conventional whiting of 500 lbs. I have found that the baking under coatings after reduction in the proportion of 4 to 1 with mineral spirits, and sprayed on steel panels and baked two hours at 160 F. the formula using the slag as an extender bodied up the same as the formula using whiting as an extender, and boththe formula with the whiting as an extender and the one using slag as an extender baked with about the same hardness and wet sanded with about the same ease. It was noticed, however, that the panel finished with the under coating using slag as an extender held out both a varnish and an enamel better than the panel finished with the formula using-conventional Solution for bodyingm whiting as an extender. whiting used was calcite.

In a paste filler (dark) I have used slag in the following formula:

:The conventional Slag 751 lbs. Raw linseed 0il' 11% gal. Japan drier gal. Mineral spirits gal; Gloss oil varnish r rgal.

Burnt umber (ground in oil) 5 lbs.

ounces Maroon pigment in oil 5 lbs. Drop black in Perilla oil 2 lbs.

I In a formula containing substantially the same ingredients except that the slag is replaced by silica in amount of .7 5 lbs. it was found in comparing the formula using the conventional filler with the slag filler, that the paste fillers held out varnish equally as well, and filled the pores of the wood in about the same relation of efliciency, so that it was proven that slag acts just as good in a filler as silex or silica.

. In the provision of'a red gear enamel I' have used the. following formula: Redpigment ground in bodied p Perilla oil 3 lbs. Vivatone toner ground in bodied Perilla oil 2 lbs. Lithopone ground in bodied Perilla oil 3 lbs.

Slag ground in boiled Perilla oil 2 lbs. 4 lbs. per gal. China wood oil-rosin- V ester gum varnishufi 1% gal.

Cobalt resinate drier 2 oz.

In the'above formula it was found that bile surfacer consisting of the following Lampblack j 4lbs. Slag 328 lbs. Ultramarine blue 3 2 lbs. 2.66 lbs. per gal. China wood oil varnish 30 gal. Gloss oil varnish 2 gal. Cobalt resinate drier 1 gal.

' In comparison with the above using slag as an extender I have also used a conventional formula similar .inall respects to the above except that the slag is replaced by the three following ingredients and their respective proportions I Pounds Talc I 128 Metronit 192 Soapstone 8 In the use of the above blue automobile surfacers using the slag in one case and the three ingredients immediately above given in the other case'as extenders, it was found,

' after grinding on a rollermill and spraying subsequent to reducing in the proportion of 4 to 1 with mineral spirits, over a red primer on a steel panel, that the surfaeer using slag dries as hard and fiows out as well and rezcelves enamel as well as'the formula usmg the three conventional extenders. Unless the iron particles are removed from the slag, however, the surfacer using the slag will not wet sand as well as the formula using the conventional extenders,-but such free iron may be removed by magnets, as above pointed out. I In some formulas the slag is used in paste form, while in others it is added to the liquids in the dry state and then the resultant paste" -is ground and thoroughly intermixed by running thru a suitable grinder, such as aroller mill or stone mill or pebble mill.

The mineral spirits mentioned in the for mulas is of course "known as substitute for turpentine, which it may replace, or turpenthe removal of free iron therefrom as an untine may be used. The substitute or mineral spirits is generally that fraction found in the manufacture of hydrocarbon products which comes over between the gasoline and kerosene ing made.

' oil.

fractions. It is of course understood that the slag prior to manufacture of the paint, filler, surfacer,,0r the like, is in a dry pulverized condition which may pass thru'a 50 to 325+ mesh, according to the use of the product be- From the foregoing it is apparent that slag as an extender or filler is novel as used in the paint industry and may be successfully used, with far greater economy thanconventional extenders or fillers, and in many instances with increased efliciency.

I do not of course desire to limit myself tov the exact procedure mentioned in any of the above formulas, but believe that the essential novelty in the production of paints, enamels, under coatings, primers, surfacers, putties, fillers, and the like resides in the use of slag produced as residue from iron and steel manufacture as a filler or extender, with great economy. In the various formulas used the ingredients may vary widely, and the slag ingredient maybe used in various proportions, and the slag used may vary considerably in composition and proportions of ingredients, without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.-

I ciaim: v

'1. An extenderor filler of the class described consisting of slag produced as a byproduct from the manufacture of iron or steel in which the slag, as such, contains silica and lime as its two major constituents.

2. As an articleof manufacture on extender-for use-in the manufacture of paint, enamels, lacquers, under coatings, primers, surfacers, putties, and'fillers, consisting of pulverized, slag including silica, lime, aluminum and magnesium oxide, in which the silica and the lime are the twb major constituents.

3. An extender for use in the paint industry consisting'of pulverized slag produced as a by-producffrorn iron or' steel manufac ture mixed to a paste consistency with linseed 4. An extender for use in the paint industry consisting of silica ranging from 28% to 37% lime ranging-from 32% to 49%, alumina ranging from 8% to 15%, magnesium oxide ranging from 6% to 22%, with traces of manganese .and sulphur.

5. An extender and filler of the class described consisting of pulverized slag as a'byproduct from the manufacture of iron and steel having the free iron removed.

.6. The process of producing an extender and filler which consists in grinding slag to substantially a pulverized condition, and treating the pulverized slagmagnetically for desirable constituent.

7. The process of producing a filler and extender which consists in pulverizing slag produced as aby-product of iron and steel manufacture so that the same will pass thru a fine mesh sieve ranging from #50 to #325+ mesh, and traversin the pulverized slag with an electro-magnet or removal of free iron therefrom.

8. As an article of manufacture an extender for use in paints and the like consisting of finely pulverized slag obtained as a byproduct of lIOIl or steel manufacture, and consisting of silica and lime as its two major ingredients containing a percentage greater than the-total percentage of all other constituents, said pulverized slag including as minor constituents smaller percentages of alumina and magnesiumoxide, with all free iron removed.

9. A surfacing paint including pulverized slag produced as a by-product of iron and steel manufacture, pigment, China wood oil varnish, gloss oil varnish, and a drier.

HARRY J. STIEVATER. 

